CHAPTER SUPPLY OF TEACHERS ANDPROVISION OF SCHOOL FACILITIES
1 Characteristics of the Teaching Staff
(2) Characteristics of Teachers
b Academic Training of Teachers
The ratio of teachers with 16 years of schooling and more is
gradually rising in elementary, lower secondary and upper secondary schools in
Japan, especially teachers who have completed the 4 years of university education
and more are also increasing in number. Teachers with 14-15 years or less schooling
are those who graduated from the colleges of the old system or those who graduated
from the 2 year teacher training colleges or junior colleges after the War. The
number of these teachers has recently been decreasing.
Most of the teachers in elementary and secondary schools in
the United States and the Federal Republic of Germany have schooling of 16 years
and more, and nearly all the teachers in the United Kingdom have a total school
career of 15 years and more. In the U.S.S.R., teachers who have received education
of 12 years and more have increased in number, but generally speaking the school
career of teachers is still insufficient, and 90% of elementary school teachers
have an academic training of 12 years or less. In Japan, teachers with a university
career are increasing, but the teachers with schooling of 14 years and more including
those graduates of colleges before the War accounted for only 31.5% in elementary
schools and 68.3% in lower secondary schools, respectively.
Figure 14. Percentage Distribution of Teachers by Years
of Schooling Completed, 1950-1962