CHAPTER SUFFICIENCY OF TEACHING STAFFAND PROVISION OF SCHOOL FACILITIES
1 Supply of Teaching Staff and Working Condition of Teachers
(5) Teacher Training and In-Service Training
a. Teacher Training System
The existing system of teacher training in Japan is an open
system. All persons who have acquired the necessary credits as provided in the
Education Personnel Certification Law in universities with courses approved by
the Minister of Education as adequate for issuance of teachers certificates are
given such certificates. In practice there is a teachers training college or
faculty established by the government in each prefecture, which plays an important
role in the training of teachers for elementary and secondary schools, especially
for elementary schools.
In other major countries, with the exception of teachers in
elementary schools in France and the U.S.S.R. all teachers are trained in institutions
of higher education. In those two countries as a rule elementary school teachers
are trained in institutions specifically for teacher training while teachers
of secondary schools attend either professional schools or universities. In the
United States persons with certain basic qualifications and having acquired the
credits necessary for teaching are given licenses while in France and Germany
even 'graduates of teachers training colleges are required to take a national
examination to acquire their certificates. In England and Wales there is no national
examination but "area training organization which are groups of all teacher's
training colleges within a specific area a responsible for qualifying teachers.
Table 54. Teacher Training Systems in Various Major Countries
Table 54. Teacher Training Systems in Various Major Countries
-Continued -