CHAPTER SUPPLY OF TEACHERS ANDPROVISION OF SCHOOL FACILITIES
1 Characteristics of the Teaching Staff
(3) Working Conditions of Teachers
b Annuity System for Teachers
There has been established the Mutual Benefit Annuity Union
System designed for the nation-wide public school teachers as its members, providing
such long-term allowances as retirement pensions, survivors' pensions and disability
pensions, as well as short-term allowances for the sick and injured, suspension
of service and those suffering from natural disasters. For the private school
teachers there is a similar union, providing the same kinds of allowances as
those of the public school teachers with nearly the same amount of benefits.
There is also the Annuity Union of the Ministry of Education for the teachers
of the state schools as national public officials, providing the same benefits
as those of the public school teachers.
In most of the states of the United States there is a retirement
pension system for public officials, including teachers. In the United Kingdom
there is the national pension system for primary and secondary school teachers,
and the teachers in the Federal Republic of Germany, France and U.S.S.R. benefit
from the national public service pension system. Thus teachers of the major countries
are granted retirement pensions and disability pensions under such systems, but
allowances for the medical care and misemployment are provided under different
systems. For example, in the Federal Republic of Germany such allowances are
paid as a survivor's allowance while in the United States, tlie United Kingdom
and U.S.S.R.,they are provided as part of the social security system for the
general public.